Myomas are benign tumors that form in a woman’s uterus, and when they cause symptoms due to their size, number, or location, myoma surgery may be considered. These surgeries are performed in different ways depending on the patient’s age, fertility expectations, and the characteristics of the myomas. The steps of myoma surgery may include a myomectomy operation, where the surgeon aims to remove the myoma from the uterus, or in some cases, a total removal of the uterus (hysterectomy). When deciding on the type of operation, the patient’s desire to have children in the future is one of the most important factors.
Today, the most frequently applied method for myoma surgery is laparoscopic myomectomy. This minimally invasive (closed) method allows myomas to be removed through small incisions made in the abdominal area. The advantages of laparoscopic surgery include less pain, shorter hospital stays, and a faster recovery process. In addition, robotic myoma surgery is also preferred in some cases. However, for very large or complexly located myomas, open myoma surgery (laparotomy) may be required. This surgery is performed by making a larger incision in the abdominal area, and the recovery process may be longer.
What is Myomectomy Surgery?
Myomectomy surgery is a procedure to surgically remove myoma cysts.
Why is Myomectomy Surgery Performed?
Myomectomy surgery is performed when myoma cysts cause side effects in a woman’s body or grow to a size that poses a risk to her life.
What Causes Myomas?
Several factors can contribute to the formation of myomas, including:
– Hormones
– Genetic Predisposition
– Age
– Obesity
– Lifestyle
What are the Symptoms of Myomas?
The most common symptoms of myomas are:
– Symptoms Related to the Menstrual Cycle
1. Heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding
2. Menstrual cramps
3. Bleeding between periods
–Symptoms Related to Pressure and Pain
1. A feeling of fullness and pressure in the groin or abdomen
2. Pelvic pain
3. Frequent urge to urinate
4. Constipation
5. Pain during sexual intercourse
–Other Possible Symptoms
1. Back pain
2. Leg pain
3. Infertility or miscarriages
Is Myomectomy Surgery Dangerous?
Myomectomy is not considered a dangerous surgery, but like any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and side effects. These include:
– Bleeding
– Infection
– Organ Injury
– Scarring and Adhesions
– Anesthesia Complications
– Recurrence of Cysts or Myomas
How is Myomectomy Surgery Performed?
There are three different types of myomectomy surgery:
1. Laparoscopy (Minimally Invasive Surgery): The surgeon makes a few small incisions in the abdomen. A tube with a camera on the end is inserted through one of these incisions. Surgical instruments are placed through the other incisions to cut and remove the myomas.
2. Laparotomy (Open Surgery): The surgeon makes a large incision in the abdominal area. This incision provides direct access to the uterus, allowing the myomas to be cut and removed. The incisions are then closed with stitches.
3. Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: The surgeon inserts a thin instrument through the cervix and into the uterus. No incisions are made. The myomas are cut and removed using the instruments at the end of the hysteroscope.
What is the Recovery Time After Myomectomy Surgery?
The recovery time varies depending on the type of surgery. Patients who undergo minimally invasive surgery can recover within a few days, while recovery may take longer for those who have open surgery.
